Easy Tonkotsu Ramen

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1. 1Step 1: Gather all the dashi (Japanese soup stock) ingredients.
2. 2Step 2: Add 1 piece kombu (dried kelp), 2 dried shiitake mushrooms, and 5 iriko/niboshi (boiled and dried anchovies) to 2 cups water in a medium bowl. Set it aside at room temperature to extract the umami.
3. 3Step 3: Gather all the tonkotsu broth ingredients.
4. 4Step 4: Rinse 3½ lb pork leg bones and 1.3 lb pork hock with skin under running water.
5. 5Step 5: Soak the pork bones and hock in a large bowl of water for 15 minutes to remove blood, changing the water several times.
6. 6Step 6: Peel off the papery outer layers of 1 head garlic (keeping the head whole). Trim off and discard the root end. Then, slice the entire head in half crosswise to expose the cloves.
7. 7Step 7: Slice 1 knob ginger (skin on) into thin slices.
8. 8Step 8: Place the bones, hock, ginger, garlic, and 2 QT water in a pressure cooker pot or in the inner pot of an Instant Pot.
9. 9Step 9: Keep the water at or below the maximum line. If it's above, set some aside and add it back when you boil the broth later. Cover and lock the lid. Point the steam release handle at Sealing. Select Pressure Cooking, high pressure, 60 minutes, and press start. It takes about 40 minutes to come up to pressure.
10. 10Step 10: No Pressure Cooker? Use a large stock pot. Add 2 cups (500 ml) more water and simmer uncovered for 3–4 hours. Partially cover the pot to slow the evaporation. The longer it simmers, the more flavor you'll extract from the bones.
11. 11Step 11: Gather all the tare ingredients.
12. 12Step 12: Add 2 Tbsp sake, 2 Tbsp mirin, 4 Tbsp usukuchi (light-colored) soy sauce, and 2 Tbsp water to a small pot.
13. 13Step 13: Add 1 piece kombu (dried kelp) and heat over medium heat until nearly boiling. Reduce to low heat and simmer for 3–4 minutes, then turn off the heat.
14. 14Step 14: Add 3 Tbsp Diamond Crystal kosher salt (use half the amount or the same weight for table salt) to the pot and stir well. Once the salt has dissolved, let the tare cool to room temperature.
15. 15Step 15: Gather the ingredients for the hidden seasonings.
16. 16Step 16: Cut 1 onion in half with the skin on and 2 green onions/scallions in half crosswise. Set aside until the broth is done pressure cooking.
17. 17Step 17: Immediately after the pressure cooking cycle ends, quick release the pressure by carefully turning the steam release valve with a long spatula to the Venting position (or by pressing the quick release button, depending on your model).
18. 18Step 18: Carefully open the lid. For the Instant Pot, select the Sauté mode (30 minutes) and high temperature, and bring it to a hard boil. The broth will bubble and splash, so transfer it to a large stock pot if yours is already close to full. For a regular pressure cooker or stock pot, increase the heat to high and bring it to a hard boil. Skim off the scum that floats to the surface with a fine-mesh skimmer, and keep on skimming over the next hour.
19. 19Step 19: Add the onion and green onions/scallions to the tonkotsu broth.
20. 20Step 20: Add 2 Tbsp rice vinegar (unseasoned) and 2 Tbsp sake. Carefully remove the shiitake mushrooms and anchovies that are soaking in the cold brew dashi and add them to the soup broth. Reserve the dashi liquid (we'll add it later).
21. 21Step 21: Add 1 cup katsuobushi (dried bonito flakes) to the soup and stir well to combine.
22. 22Step 22: Keep the soup broth at a rolling boil on Sauté mode (high). Skim the broth occasionally.
23. 23Step 23: Keep the broth at a hard boil and stir hard from the bottom every 10 minutes so the pot bottom doesn't scorch. At 30 minutes, when the soup has reduced a little, pour in the dashi liquid only, not the kombu.
24. 24Step 24: Reset the Instant Pot to cook on Sauté mode (high) for another 30 minutes, stirring occasionally, to help emulsify the soup.
25. 25Step 25: After a full hour of boiling, turn off the Sauté mode or the heat on the stove. Lift out the big bones with tongs into a mesh strainer set over a clean medium pot, let them drain, then discard them.
26. 26Step 26: Remove the other solids from the soup using tongs and transfer them to the strainer over the pot. Strain and press them well with a wooden spatula to squeeze out the liquid. Discard the solids.
27. 27Step 27: Start straining the soup broth from the pressure cooker. Pour a small amount of soup into the strainer and let it drain into the medium pot. Press the solids with the wooden spatula.
28. 28Step 28: Continue straining the soup, little by little. Remove the strainer when you're done. Your tonkotsu broth is ready to use. Heat it up if you're ready to eat ramen or store it for another day.
29. 29Step 29: Cool the broth quickly by setting the pot in an ice bath, then transfer it to an airtight container and refrigerate for up to 3 days or freeze for 1 month.
30. 30Step 30: Start boiling a large pot of water to cook the ramen noodles. Heat the tonkotsu broth and keep it covered so it's ready to serve as soon as the noodles are done cooking. Gather the tare, noodles, and toppings.
31. 31Step 31: Prepare your ramen bowls. Warm up the bowls by filling them with hot water. Right before you cook the noodles, dump out the hot water and add 1 Tbsp tare to each warmed bowl.
32. 32Step 32: Once the water is boiling, cook 4 servings fresh ramen noodles according to the package instructions to your desired firmness.
33. 33Step 33: Just before the noodles are done, add 350 ml (about 1½ cups) of tonkotsu broth to each ramen bowl.
34. 34Step 34: Drain the noodles thoroughly and divide them into the bowls. Pull up the noodles from the soup with cooking chopsticks, then lay them down into the soup so the noodles line up neatly in one direction.
35. 35Step 35: Add your toppings and serve immediately, before the noodles soak up the soup.
36. 36Step 36: Store the leftovers in separate containers, in the refrigerator for up to 3 days or the freezer for 1 month. The flavor fades after that. Boil the noodles right before serving.